fever with rash

Fever With Skin Rash in Children Rubella(German Measles) (3 day Measles) image.png · It was initially recognized as resembling measles & was closely studied by German Physicians. Later on, continued to be called as German Measles. · Post natal infection with rubella à mild disease, · Low grade fever, sore throat, red eyes, headache, · Suboccipital, posterior auricular, anterior cervical lymphnodes are enlarged. · Petechiael haemorrhages on soft palate. · Rashes for 3 days · Thrombocytopenia, Arthritis, Encephalitis & Progressive rubella panencephalitis are known complications. Congenital Rubella Syndrome image.png · Maternal rubella infection in first trimester (embryogenesis) à defects in 90% of the off springs · Nerve deafness (single most common) · CHD (PDA, Pulmonarystenosis, Septal defects) · Cataract · Salt & pepper ratinopathy · Microcephaly · Hepatosplenomegaly · Thrombocytopenia. · Rubella vaccine to all girls is most effective preventive measure for congenital rubella syndrome Infectious Mononucleosis (EBV) image.png · Fever of long duration, malaise, fatigue, sore throat, abdominal pain · Marked pharyngotonsillitis, periorbital oedema, generalized tender lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly · Soft Splenomegaly is the characteristics, rupture spleen following trivial injury is known · Epitrochlear LN is almost pathognomonic · Macular rash, precipitated or aggravated by ampicillin / amoxicillin. · Infectious mononucleosis is named because of the mononuclear lymphocytosis with atypical lymphocytes that accompany the clinical syndrome · It is also called as kissing disease due to transmission of EBV by oral kissing in adolescents. · It was called as glandular disease due to lymphadenopathy. · EBV infection can occur without manifestations of disease, while infectious mononucleosis means clinical manifestations of EBV infections. · Transmission by, × Exposure to saliva. × Oral kissing in adolescents. × Blood transfusion. × Bone marrow transplantation. × No spread by droplets, fomites or sexual contact. · Pharyngitis is often associated with whitish or gray – green exudates having an offensive odour Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth disease) image.png · Parvovirus B19 · 5 to 15 years of age · Prodromal symptoms à Rash of “slapped cheek” appearance à spreads to trunk & extremities · Complications like arthropathy, ITP, aseptic meningitis, transient aplastic crisis in patients with chronic hemolytic anaemia, HLH, hydrops fetalis, myocarditis Hand – Foot and Mouth Disease image.png · Frequently caused by coxasackievirus A 16, also by enterovirus 71, coxasackie A virus 5, 7, 9 & 10 · Mild illness, with or without low grade fever · Inflamed oropharynx, scattered vesicles on tongue, buccal mucosa, palate lips, may ulcerate · Maculopapular, vesicular &/or pustular lesions over hands, feet, buttocks, groins · Hand – Foot & Mouth disease by enterovirus 71 is frequently severe, neurological disease, pulmonary haemorrhage, shock & rapid death Dengue Fever image.png · High grade fever · Blanchable erythematous flush (measly look) · Swollen face, injected eyes, redness of ears, · Maculopapular rash may develop on the top of erythematous flush · Catarrh, typical characteristics of respiratory virus is missing · Headache, retro – orbital pain, photophobia, backache, myalgia, arthralgia, anorexia etc · Petechiael spots & mucous membrane bleeding (nose, gum, conjunctiva) may be seen Chikungunya image.png · 3 months Male. · Fever high grade 7 days. · Irritable. · Generalized hyperpigmentation 3 days. · H/o chikungunya to mother. · Chikungunya RT – PCR: Detected. Chikungunya · Chikungunya named is derived from stooped position of the patient due to severe arthralgia in a case of chikungunya. · Chikungunya is the mosquito born arboviral disease. · It is transmitted to human through day – biting mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti & Aedes albopictus. Some cases of blood born transmission also have been reported. Fetomaternal transmission has been documented during pregnancy mainly in perinatal period. · Sudden onset of fever with polyarthralgia more often bilateral symmetric pattern, myalgia, headache, fatigue & skin rashes are common symptoms. Fever may rise upto 104. F & may be associated with rigors. Fever may last upto 7days. · Atypical & Severe manifestations × Vesiculobullous skin lesions, Hyperpigmentation. × Febrile seizures. × Meningoencephalitis. × GBS. × Encephalopathy. × Cerebellar syndrome. × Myocarditis, arrhythmias. × Acute Renal failure. Bleeding dyscrasias.